South Korea Political Situation

Dec 4, 2024 4:39:24 PM

On December 3rd, President Yoon Suk Yeol declared martial law in South Korea amidst struggles with political opposition in Parliament. Just a few hours later, Parliament voted to lift the declaration.

For CIS Abroad students on-site (who remain until the week of December 22nd), this is not expected to impact them or their studies over the next few weeks. Seoul remains a safe city, and strikes and protests are expected to be planned, peaceful, and organized.  

We expect that there will be peaceful protests in populated areas until President Yoon Suk Yeol submits his resignation, which is what the protesters are demanding. We have asked students to avoid areas with planned protests, maintain standard situational awareness when travelling in the city, and focus on preparing for their final exams. 

The US state department has not raised their travel advisory from Level 1: Exercise Normal Precautions, and we do not have reason to believe they will. 

Below is an alert issued by our Insurance and International Safety partner, CISI, with more information:

Locations affected by this alert:  South Korea
This alert began 12/03/24 15:16 GMT and is scheduled to expire 12/06/24 23:59 GMT.
Event: Martial law
- Location(s): Nationwide (map)
- Time/Date: Late Dec. 3
- Impact: Likely increased security, localized business and transport disruptions, protests, clashes

Summary
Officials declared a state of emergency martial law across South Korea on the evening of Dec. 3. The decision followed a televised briefing in which President Yoon criticized the opposition for controlling parliament, aligning with North Korea, and hindering government functions through activities deemed as anti-state. The government did not immediately outline specific measures to be implemented but confirmed that the Minister of National Defense had convened a meeting with key military commanders. The Ministry of National Defense also announced that the minister had ordered all forces to be on high alert. Protestors have gathered outside the National Assembly building in Seoul as of late Dec. 3 following Yoon's announcement amid a heightened security presence.

Authorities will likely maintain an enhanced security posture in parts of the country, particularly near government buildings in Seoul and the North Korean border. Isolated security incidents cannot be ruled out, especially near the shared border. Further related demonstrations may occur over the coming days. Potential gathering sites include major government buildings, public squares, and busy thoroughfares. Such rallies could attract a large turnout if opposition political parties seek to mobilize grassroots support. Localized disruptions to business and transportation are likely.

Background and Analysis
Martial law has been declared in South Korea several times throughout its history, often in response to political instability and threats to national security. The imposition of martial law during the 1980s was a reaction to widespread protests against authoritarian rule, which ultimately contributed to democratic reforms. President Yoon Suk Yeol's current declaration of emergency martial law follows accusations against the opposition party of undermining government functions and aligning with North Korea.